Che cosa sono DNS e server dei nomi? Il collegamento tra dominio e server

Quando si avvia un sito, prima o poi si incontrano sempre DNS e server dei nomi. Sono concetti tecnici, ma capire a che cosa servono rende molto più semplice collegare dominio, server e servizi email senza errori inutili.

Questa guida riassume che cosa fanno DNS e server dei nomi, come si configurano e quali aspetti richiedono maggiore attenzione durante la gestione operativa.

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Il DNS può essere visto come la rubrica di indirizzi di internet. Traduce i nomi di dominio, facili da ricordare per le persone, negli indirizzi IP che i computer usano per capire dove inviare la richiesta.

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Record principali

DNS, or the Domain Name System, is a system that can be described as the internet’s address book.

It converts the domain names we can easily remember into IP addresses that computers can easily understand. Because of this process, you can access a site simply by entering its website address into a browser.

★ What Is a Domain?

In molti casi il servizio di server dei nomi è incluso nell'hosting, ma non sempre. Se usi soluzioni DNS dedicate o più avanzate, conviene verificare bene il modello di costo.

Conclusione

DNS e server dei nomi sono il ponte tra il nome del sito e l'infrastruttura che lo fa funzionare. Anche se sembrano concetti specialistici, sono fondamentali per avviare e mantenere un sito senza intoppi.

Se conosci i passaggi base e i record principali, diventa molto più semplice risolvere problemi di collegamento tra dominio, sito ed email.

Register the Domain

The first step in launching a website is to register the domain name you want.

Specify the Name Server

After registering the domain, you need to specify the name server to be used for that domain. When you sign up for a rental server, the hosting company can provide the name server information.

Adjust the DNS Settings

Finally, you map the domain name to the IP address. This includes configuring A records and MX records.

Configure an A Record

An A record, or Address Record, is the record used to link a domain name to an IP address. For example, it is used when you associate your website’s domain name with the IP address of the web server.

1. Access the DNS control panel: Log in to the control panel of the registrar managing the domain or the hosting service.
2. Go to the DNS settings: Move to the DNS-related settings section, such as “DNS management” or “DNS settings.”
3. Add the A record: Choose the option to add an A record and enter the required information.
   Host name: Usually the domain name or subdomain name, such as www.
   IP address: Enter the IP address of the server hosting the website.
4. Save the changes: Save the settings and apply the changes.

Configure an MX Record

An MX record, or Mail Exchange Record, is the record used to specify the mail server that handles emails received through the domain name.

1. Access the DNS control panel: Again, log in to the control panel of the registrar or hosting service managing the domain.
2. Go to the DNS settings: Move to the DNS-related settings section.
3. Add the MX record: Choose the option to add an MX record and enter the required information.
   Priority: If you configure multiple mail servers, this number determines which server receives mail first. The lower the number, the higher the priority.
   Mail server address: Enter the domain name of the server that handles the mail, such as mail.example.com.
4. Save the changes: Save the settings and apply the changes.

Points to Watch and Costs

Propagation Time

After changing the name server or DNS settings, it takes time for those changes to be reflected across the internet. In general, it is good to allow anywhere from a few hours to about 48 hours.

Security

Because there is also a risk of DNS hijacking, it is important to choose a trustworthy service.

Costs

Registering a domain usually costs a few hundred to a few thousand yen per year depending on the domain. Name server services are often included in a rental server contract, but if you use a specialized DNS service, additional charges may apply.

★ What Is a Rental Server?

Summary

DNS and name servers are foundational parts of operating a website.

By learning this knowledge, launching and managing a website becomes much smoother. I hope this article will help with your website operations.